True Facts: The Curious Adaptations of Sharks

Go to brilliant.org/zefrank to get a 30-day free trial + the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual subscription. merch: ze-true-store.myshopify.com/ patreon: www.patreon.com/truefacts classical music: soundcloud.com/querflote/5-au... sponsor music: incompetech.com/ Special Thanks to: Save Our Seas Foundation, saveourseas.com/ Dr Barbara E. Wueringer, Sharks and Rays Australia In Australia please report your sawfish sightings to www.cytags.com Dr George Lauder, Harvard University, twitter.com/georgelauder Jonathan R. Green, www.galapagoswhaleshark.org/ Dr David Gruber, www.instagram.com/davidfgruber Dr Andrew Chin, James Cook University Dr Dean Grubbs, Florida State University Dr Brooke Flammang, New Jersey Institute of Technology Marco Carè : TGI Maldives-TGI Halaveli Anna & Ned DeLoach, www.blennywatcher.com/ ZooWild YouTube, youtube.com/@Zoo_Wild Florida Scuba Divers, youtube.com/@FloridaScubaDivers Julie Higgs, youtube.com/@JulieHiggs_Spearfishing WizardBeaver, youtube.com/@wizardbeaver Fat Fish Movies, youtube.com/@FatFishMovies AboveDeck,    • Hammerhead shark almost beaches itsel...   Rdearphotography,    • Did you know some sharks lay eggs? a ...   NOAA Smithsonian Institute Airflow across a wing:    • Airflow across a wing   Citations Amir Akbarzadeh & Borazjani Iman - Controlling flow separation using traveling wave actuation. Ouro, Pablo & Stoesser, Thorsten & Ramirez, Luis. (2018). Effect of Blade Cambering on Dynamic Stall in View of Designing Vertical Axis Turbines. Journal of Fluids Engineering. 140. 061104. 10.1115/1.4039235. Domel AG, et al. Shark skin-inspired designs that improve aerodynamic performance. J R Soc Interface. 2018 Feb;15(139):20170828. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0828. Duchatelet, Laurent & Marion, Raphaël & Mallefet, Jérôme. (2021). A Third Luminous Shark Family: Confirmation of Luminescence Ability for Zameus squamulosus (Squaliformes; Somniosidae). Photochemistry and photobiology. 97. 10.1111/php.13393. Du Clos KT et al. Passive bristling of mako shark scales in reversing flows. J R Soc Interface. 2018 Oct 24;15(147):20180473. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0473.  Gruber, D., Loew, E., Deheyn, D. et al. Biofluorescence in Catsharks : Fundamental Description and Relevance for Elasmobranch Visual Ecology. Sci Rep 6, 24751 (2016). doi.org/10.1038/srep24751 Josberger EE et al. Proton conductivity in ampullae of Lorenzini jelly. Sci Adv. 2016 May 13;2(5):e1600112. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1600112. Kempster RM, Hart NS, Collin SP. Survival of the stillest: predator avoidance in shark embryos. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e52551. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052551.  Mallefet, Jérôme et al. (2021). Bioluminescence of the Largest Luminous Vertebrate, the Kitefin Shark, Dalatias licha. Frontiers in Marine Science. 8. 10.3389/fmars.2021.633582. Park HB et al. Bright Green Biofluorescence in Sharks Derives from Bromo-Kynurenine Metabolism. iScience. 2019 Sep 27;19:1291-1336. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.019. Payne, N., Iosilevskii, G., Barnett, A. et al. Great hammerhead sharks swim on their side to reduce transport costs. Nat Commun 7, 12289 (2016). doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12289 Rohner CA, et al. Laser photogrammetry improves size and demographic estimates for whale sharks. PeerJ. 2015 Apr 7;3:e886. doi: 10.7717/peerj.886. Sato, Keiichi, et al; How great white sharks nourish their embryos to a large size: evidence of lipid histotrophy in lamnoid shark reproduction. Biol Open 15 September 2016; 5 (9): 1211–1215. doi: doi.org/10.1242/bio.017939 Sims DW, et al. Circles in the sea: annual courtship "torus" behaviour of basking sharks Cetorhinus maximus identified in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean. J Fish Biol. 2022 Nov;101(5):1160-1181. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15187.  Tomita, Taketeru et al. (2018). Locomotion is not a privilege after birth: Ultrasound images of viviparous shark embryos swimming from one uterus to the other. Ethology. 125. 10.1111/eth.12828. Tomita T, Murakumo K, Komoto S, Dove A, Kino M, Miyamoto K, Toda M. Armored eyes of the whale shark. PLoS One. 2020 Jun 29;15(6):e0235342. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235342.  Weigmann S, Kaschner CJ, Thiel R. A new microendemic species of the deep-water catshark genus Bythaelurus (Carcharhiniformes, Pentanchidae) from the northwestern Indian Ocean, with investigations of its feeding ecology, generic review and identification key. PLoS One. 2018 Dec 12;13(12):e0207887. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207887. Williams LH et al. Sharks as exfoliators: widespread chafing between marine organisms suggests an unexplored ecological role. Ecology. 2022 Jan;103(1):e03570. doi: 10.1002/ecy.3570. Wueringer, Barbara E.et al. The function of the sawfish's saw, Current Biology, Volume 22, Issue 5, 2012, Pages R150-R151, ISSN 0960-9822, doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.01.055.